UNIT 1 Cellular Level of Organization, HAP B.Pharmacy 1st Semester 2020 (2019-2020) Previous Year's Question Papers/Notes Download - HK Technical PGIMS

Cellular Level of Organization:

• At the cellular level, the human body is composed of trillions of cells. These cells work together to form tissues, organs, and ultimately, the entire organism.
• Cell Membrane: The cell membrane surrounds each cell, regulating the movement of materials in and out of the cell.
• Cytoplasmic Organelles: These specialized structures within the cell perform various functions. Examples include the mitochondria (energy production), endoplasmic reticulum (protein synthesis), and Golgi apparatus (packaging and distribution).
• Nucleus: The nucleus contains genetic material (DNA) and controls cell activities.
• Cell Cycle: Cells go through a cycle of growth, replication, and division. Somatic cells divide through mitosis.
• Cell Differentiation: Cells become specialized for specific functions.
• Levels of Organization:

• The human body exhibits a hierarchy of organization:
  • Cells: The basic units of life.
  • Tissues: Groups of similar cells with a common function.
  • Organs: Combinations of different tissues working together.
  • Organ Systems: Groups of organs that collaborate to perform specific functions.