Pharmaceutical Engineering Question Bank B.Pharmacy 3rd Semester 2022 (2021-2022) Previous Year's Question Papers/Notes Download - HK Technical PGIMS

Q. 1

Choose appropriate option for following multiple choice based questions.

20

1

Heat flow achieved by transfer of momentum of individual atoms occurs is called as

a

Convection

b

Conduction

C

Radiation

d

Reflection

2

This is a irreversible type of mixing ……

a

Positive mixing

b

Negative mixing

C

Neutral mixing

d

Static mixing

3

Impellers are the devices which supply energy for ……

A

Solid-solid mixing

b

Solid-liquid mixing

C

Liquid-liquid mixing

D

Liquid evaporation

4

Which one of the properties is responsible for the use of mercury in manometers?

a

Low surface tension

b

High vapour pressure

C

Low specific gravity

d

Low vapour pressure

5

__________ method is used for purification and separation of chemicals of low vapour pressure

a

Molecular distillation

b

Simple distillation

C

Equilibrium distillation

d

Flash distillation

6

Containers made for storage of injections are made from one of the following type of glasses.

a

Borosilicate

b

General purpose

C

Lime soda

d

Neutral

7

Wet corrosion is also called as ____________

a

Chemical cell

b

Electro chemical cell

C

Oxidation reaction

d

Liquid metal corrosion

8

The mixing of liquids at molecular level can be termed as : ​

a

Bulk transport

b

Turbulent mixing

C

Laminar mixing

d

Molecular diffusion

9

Turbulent mixing is a mechanism of …… mixing.

a

Solid-solid mixing

b

Solid-liquid mixing

C

Liquid-liquid mixing

d

solids only

10

Which thermoplastic material is used for fabrication of tanks and pipes?

a

Flexible materials

b

Metallic surface

C

Plastic cement

d

Rigid material

11

Water attack test is performed on glass in order to find the limits of one of the following.

a

Acid liberated

b

Alkali liberated

C

Conductivity

d

Metal ions

12

Which metal makes the steel corrosion resistant?

a

Chromium and nickel

b

Copper and selenium

C

Tantalum and molybdenum

d

Titanium and niobium

13

Dry corrosion is also called as _________

a

Chemical corrosion

b

Electrochemical corrosion

C

Wet corrosion

d

Oxidation corrosion

14

Which one of the screens is attached to the size reduction equipment?

a

Bar screens

b

Clothes sieve

C

Herringbone screen

d

Woven wire screen

15

The term used to describe the materials that remain on the given screening surface?

a

Medium size material

b

Minus material

C

Neutral material

d

Plus material

16

Which of following metals could provide cathodic protection to Fe?

a

Al & Cu

b

Al & Zn

C

Zn & Cu

d

Al & Ni

17

The ability of a metal surface to withstand repeated cycles of corrosion is known as:

a

Cavitation erosion

b

Corrosion fatigue

C

Erosion

d

Stress of corrosion cracking

18

Mean free path is associated with one of the following type of distillation.

a

Fractional distillation

b

Flash distillation

C

Simple distillation

d

Molecular distillation

19

Which type of Head is measured during pitot tube?

a

Kinetic velocity head

b

Pressure head

C

Static velocity head

d

Total head

20

One of the following is not applicable for centrifugal effect :

a

Centrifugal effect is ratio of centrifugal force to gravitational force.

b

Centrifugal effect diameter of rotation.

c

Centrifugal effect

d

​Centrifugal effect is a force which is equal to gravitational force.

21

Which of the following is a filtration centrifuge

A

Non-perforated basket centrifuge ​

b

Perforated basket centrifuge ​

C

Automatic batch centrifuge

D

Tubular bowl centrifuge

22

One of the following blender cannot be used for mixing of free flowing solids :

A

V cone blender

b

Double cone blender

C

Cube blender

D

Propeller

23

Clarification is a process where amount of solids to be separated from liquid is less than

A

1%

b

5%

C

10%

D

15%

24

Which of the following equation contains the term, “Specifice surface area”?

a

Darcy’s equation

b

Poiseuille’s equation

c

Kozeny-Carman equation

d

Stock equation

25

One of the following equation gives the rate of filteration

a

Darcy’s equation

b

Stoke’s equation

c

Vant - Hoff equation

d

Einstein equation

26

.The sequence of arrangement of plates and frames in filter press can be given by dots as one of the following

a

1.2.3.1.2.3.1.2

b

3.2.1.3.2.1.3.2

c

1.2.3.2.1.3.2.1

d

1.2.3.2.1.2.3.2

27

A mixture formed by components which do not have a tendency to mix spontaneously are termed as :

a

Positive mixtures

b

Static mixtures

c

Negative mixtures

d

Neutral mixtures

28

Centrifugal effect is ……

a

C = F /G

b

F=G/C

c

G=F/C

d

C=FG

29

Which centrifuge causes considerable breakage of crystals during discharge

a

Non-perforated basket centrifuge

b

Supercentrifuge

c

Semicontinuous horizontal centrifuge ​

d

Tubular bowl centrifuge

30

One of the following is not a mechanism of filtration

a

Straining ​

b

Impingement

c

Attrition

d

Entanglement

31

.In one of the following equation, filtration is considered similar to flow of a liquid through capillaries under pressure

a

Poiseullie’s equation

b

Stoke’s equation

c

Darcy’s equation

d

Kozeny-carman equation

32

One of the following is not a mechanism of filtration

a

Straining ​

b

Impingement

c

Attrition

d

Entanglement

33

In which region critical temperature dropped is observed?

a

Nucleate boiling region

b

Film boiling region

c

Heat loss through radiation

d

When heat flux is minimum

34

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding Evaporators

a

deposits rate is inversely proportional to the vapour pressure of the liquid

b

Rate of evaporation is inversely proportional to the vapour pressure of the liquid

c

Films and deposits increase the rate of evaporation

d

Type of product required decides the apparatus for evaporation

35

Centrifugation method is used as rapid emperical test parameter for evaluation of...

a

Suspension and Emulsion

b

Syrup

c

Granules

d

Capsules

36

Which of the two general types of centrifuge devices are for solid-liquid separations?

a

Sedimentation centrifuges, filtering centrifuges

b

Sedimentation centrifuges, decantation centrifuges

c

Filtering centrifuges, sintering centrifuges

d

Sedimentation centrifuges, two way centrifuges

37

Screen that sharply separates the feed mixture is called?

a

Actual screen

b

Ideal screen

c

Real screen

d

Virtual screen

38

.​One of the following centrifuge causes considerable breakage of crystals during discharge : ​

a

​(a) Non-perforated basket c-entrifuge

b

(b) perforated basket centrifuge

c

​(c) Semicontinuous horizontal centrifuge

d

d) Tubular bowl centrifuge​(

39

.One of the following is not a separation technique :

a

a) Filtration

b

((b) Centrifugation

c

(c) Clarification

d

(d) Pulverization

40

In which condition drum dryers are used?

a

When the material is too thick for spray dryer

b

When the material is too thin for spray dryer

c

When the material is not biodegradable

d

When large crystal size is to be obtained

41

Which one of the following types of products is having an EMC of practically zero?

a

Non-porous & insoluble

b

Non-porous & soluble

c

Porous & insoluble

d

Porous & soluble

42

Dry spots are formed during one of the following period?

a

First Falling period

b

Constant Rate period

c

Initial Adjustment period

d

Second falling period

43

Which product is not dried by a spray dryer?

a

Bacterial & viral cultures

b

Fruit juice

c

Lactose

d

Serum

44

What happens to drying rate during constant rate of drying period?

a

Decrease in the rate of drying

b

Increase in the rate of drying

c

Drying rate is constant

d

Drying rate is negligible

45

What is the use of a high-pressure nozzle in a spray dryer?

a

Atomization

b

Increasing contact time

c

Decreasing contact time

d

Agitation

46

.​One of the following is not true for filtration. ​ ​ ​ ​

a

(A) Rate of filtration surface area of filter medium.

b

(B) Rate of filtration pressure drop across filter medium.

c

(C) Rate of filtration temperature of slurry.

d

(D) Rate of filtration viscosity of slurry

47

.​One of the following is not a mechanism of filtration

a

​(A) Straining

b

​(B) Impingement

c

​(C) Attrition

d

​(D) Entanglement

48

Economy of multiple effect evaporator is given by the formula

a

N units of vapour produced / 1 unit of steam supplied

b

1 unit of steam supplied / N units of vapour produced

c

N units of vapour produced / N unit of steam supplied

d

N unit of steam supplied / N units of vapour produced

49

Process of evaporation can be fastened by

a

Decreasing the boiling point of liquid feed

b

Increasing the boiling point of liquid feed

c

Decreasing the surface area of evaporator

d

Decrease the time of exposure of the liquid feed to heat

50

Hot spots are formed during one of the following drying periods?

a

Constant rate period

b

Initial readjustment period

c

First falling period

d

Second falling period

51

In a spray dryer, the particle size is closely controlled by one of the following part of the dryer.

a

Fluid bed dryer

b

Atomizer

c

Cyclone separator

d

Drying chamber

52

Centrifugation is helpful in separation of the following : ​

a

(a) Separation of dispersions with particle size > 5.

b

​(b) Separation of dispersions undergoing brounian moti.

c

​(c) Separation of dispersions with less differences in densities of phases. ​

d

(d) All of the above.

53

. In ribbon blender, the mechanism of mixing is ……. (

a

a) Diffusion mixing

b

(b) Turbulent mixing

c

(c) Shear

d

(d) laminar mixing

54

Short path distillation is used for distilling_________

a

Vitamin A & E

b

Volatile oils

c

Liquids whose boiling points are very close

d

Alcohol

55

A person prefers to sit by a fire during the cold winter months. Which of the following heat transfer types gives him with the most heat?

a

Radiation will provide quick warmth

b

Convection and radiation together

c

If he/she is near the fire, convection sounds good

d

Conduction from the fire

56

Which law is used to determine the rate of heat conduction through a metal wall?

a

Fouriers law

b

Newtons law

c

Stefan-Boltzmann law

d

Kirchoffs Law

57

How many liquids are used in differential manometer?

a

Four

b

One

c

Three

d

Two

58

Which of the following gives direct reading of the flow of fluids

a

Orifice meter

b

Pitot tube

c

Rotameter

d

Venturi meter

59

Which factor is considered important from economic point of view while purchasing an evaporator?

a

Recovery of solvent

b

Foam formation

c

Concentration of liquid concentrate

d

Vapour pressure

60

What differentiates forced circulation evaporator from climbing film evaporator?

a

Inclusion of pump

b

Insertion of deflector

c

Flowing of steam outside the tubes

d

Attaching a cyclone separator

61

During size separation movement of particles can be enhanced by____________

a

Agitation

b

Attrition

c

Gravitation

d

Mixing

62

Stripping area in distillatory refers to________

a

Evaporation of liquid

b

Condensation of liquid

c

Separation of components

d

Fusing of liquid

63

Reynolds number depends on one of the following factor.

a

Roughness of the pipe

b

Surface area of the pipe

c

Viscosity of the liquid

d

Volume of the liquid

64

Which of the following theory is used for the study of flow of fluids?

a

Bernoulis

b

Charle’s

c

Raymond’s

d

Stoke’s

65

In horizontal tube evaporator steam is circulated through

a

Inside the evaporating tubes

b

Outside the evaporating tubes

c

Condensate inlet

d

Product outlet

66

Scale formation in an evaporator can be avoided by

a

Inclusion of stirrer in evaporator

b

Applying vacuum to evaporator

c

Increasing temperature of liquid feed

d

Increasing surface area of evaporator

67

Which are the modes observed in ball mill for size reduction?

a

Attrition and cutting

b

Compression and impact

c

Cutting and compression

d

Impact and attrition

68

Size reduction can be obtained by one of the following method

a

Deflocculation

b

Flocculation

c

Mechanical

d

Agglutination

69

The fixed plate in flat plate type heat exchanger is called as

a

Frame plate

b

Pressure plate

c

Plate pack

d

Carrying beam

70

Which type of flow gives the most efficient rate of heat exchange?

a

Counter current flow

b

Co-current flow

c

Cross flow

d

Parallel flow

71

Which condition of evaporation is used for the production of malt extract?

a

Reduced pressure

b

Atmospheric pressure

c

High pressure

d

Normal pressure

72

Size reduction of materials has one of the following disadvantages.

a

High degradation

b

High dissolution

c

High flow of materials

d

high surface area

73

One of the following mills can be considered as mechanical mortar and pestle :

a

Edge runner mill

b

End runner mill

c

Hammer mill

d

Ball mill

74

Reynolds number may be defined as

a

The ratio of elastic forces to pressure forces

b

The ratio of gravity forces to inertial forces

c

The ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces

d

The ratio of viscous forces to inertial forces

75

Identify characteristic of fluid?

a

Always expands and fills in the container

b

Cannot be subjected to shear forces

c

Cannot remain at rest under the action of any shear forces

d

Reynolds number may be defined as

76

Size reduction of potent materials is necessary for one of the following quality control parameters in formulation of dosage forms.

a

Content uniformity

b

Friability

c

Hardness

d

Mixing

77

Which theory states that the energy required for size reduction is directly proportional to the new surface area produced?

a

Griffith’s theory

b

Rittinger’s

c

Kick’s theory

d

Bond’s theory

78

In a shell and tube heat exchanger, baffles are provided on the shell side to

a

Prevent stagnation of shell side fluid

b

Decreases rate of heat transfer

c

Decreases coefficient of friction

d

Increase the cross-sectional path

79

Radiation heat transfer is characterized by

a

Movement of discrete packets of energy as electromagnetic waves

b

Due to bulk fluid motion, there is a transport of energy

c

There is the circulation of fluid by buoyancy effects

d

Thermal energy transfer as vibrational energy in the lattice structure of the material

80

_____________ is used for separation of large and heavy particles

a

Bar screen

b

Bolting cloth sieves

c

Punched plate screen

d

Woven wire screens

1.  

Explain the principle and working of spray dryer

2.  

Explain in detail rate of drying curve

3.  

Elaborate on different types of corrosion.

4.  

Describe the principle, construction and working of fluidized bed dryer

5.  

Explain Measurement of equilibrium moisture content

6.  

What is corrosion? Explain different theories of corrosion.

7.  

Describe various types of iron/ferrous as a material of construction

8.  

Illustrate with diagram principle, construction and working of freeze dryer

9.  

Explain the energy losses that occur when fluid flows through a pipe with relevant equations

10.         

What is Reynolds number? Describe its importance

11.         

Describe the mechanism of size reduction with suitable examples of equipment

12.         

Describe four factors that influence the selection of milling equipment for size reduction

13.         

Describe the specifications of standard sieves as per IP

14.         

Describe the boiling point composition curve and working of fractional distillation

15.         

Explain corrosion reaction between single metal and two metals.                              

16.         

Explain with the help of a diagram the construction and working of ball mill

17.         

Derive Bernoulli's equation stating the assumptions

18.         

Comment on principle, construction and working of forced circulation evaporator

19.         

Express shortly the mechanism of radiation and working of flat plate heat exchanger

20.         

 Write a note on distillation under reduced pressure (large scale operation)

21.         

Describe the principle, construction and working of wiped film molecular still

22.         

Explain principle construction, working and uses of rotary drum filter.

23.         

Describe principle construction, working and uses of Non-perforated basket centrifuge

24.         

Elaborate with diagram principle construction, working and uses Sigma blade? Add note on propellers and turbines

25.         

State and explain laws governing size reduction

26.         

Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of Pitot tube and Rotameter

27.         

Outline the principle, construction and working of horizontal tube evaporator

28.         

Memorize the concept of heat transfer by convection and working of shell and tube heat exchanger

29.         

Give the basic principle, theory and application of molecular distillation

30.         

Explain the operation of bubble cap plate in fractional distillation

31.         

Explain principle construction, working and uses of filter leaf.

32.         

Describe principle construction, working and uses of perforated basket centrifuge

33.         

Explain factors affecting mixing and add a note on liquid mixing mechanisms

34.         

Explain various grades of powders official in pharmacopoeia

35.         

Describe Reynolds classical experiment elucidating different types of flow patterns.

36.         

Comment on principle, construction and working of climbing film evaporator

37.         

Recall the mechanism of heat conduction and explain the working of concentric tube heat exchanger

38.         

Define and explain the concept of volatility and relative volatility

39.         

Write a note fractional distillation

40.         

Explain theories of filtration

41.         

Define centrifugation and explain application of it.

42.         

Explain Mechanism of solid mixing. Give principle construction, working and uses of Sigma blade mixer

43.         

Explain corrosion reaction between single metal and two metals.

44.         

Give different preventive measures to control the corrosion.

45.         

Write in detail about factors influencing corrosion.

46.         

Write in detail different modes of heat transfer

47.         

Explain the mechanism of drying process in detail

48.         

Elaborate on design and working of simple distillation along with handling precautions

49.         

Define drying. Give its applications and classification of dryers with examples

50.         

Give a detailed note on factors affecting evaporation