The core principles of pathophysiology, exploring how diseases disrupt homeostasis and trigger cellular injury, inflammation, and healing. This guide covers:
Homeostasis & Feedback Systems: Negative (e.g., blood pressure regulation) and positive (e.g., childbirth) feedback loops.
Cell Injury & Adaptation: Reversible vs. irreversible injury, atrophy, hypertrophy, metaplasia, and dysplasia.
Inflammation: Acute vs. chronic phases, vascular/cellular events, and key mediators (histamine, cytokines).
Wound Healing: 4 phases (hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, remodeling) and factors affecting recovery (infection, diabetes).
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