This document provides a comprehensive overview of nutritional deficiencies and malnutrition, detailing their causes, symptoms, and preventive measures. Key highlights include:
Nutritional Deficiencies:
Protein: Kwashiorkor in children, leading to swelling, stunted growth, and liver issues.
Carbohydrates: Weight loss, hypoglycemia, and fatigue.
Minerals:
Iron deficiency (anemia, fatigue).
Calcium deficiency (osteoporosis, rickets).
Iodine deficiency (goiter, mental retardation).
Vitamins:
Vitamin A (night blindness).
Vitamin D (rickets, bone pain).
Vitamin B complex (beriberi, scurvy).
Malnutrition:
Undernutrition: Insufficient food intake, causing weight loss and infections.
Overnutrition: Excess consumption linked to diabetes and heart disease.
Causes: Poverty, poor diet quality, socioeconomic barriers.
Prevention Strategies:
Balanced diets, breastfeeding promotion, public health interventions, and supplementation programs.
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