the chemistry and pharmacology of macrolide antibiotics, a class of natural and semisynthetic drugs that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. This guide covers:
Core Structure: 12-16 membered lactone rings with amino sugars (e.g., desosamine, cladinose).
Mechanism: Reversible binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, blocking polypeptide elongation.
Key Drugs:
Erythromycin: First-generation macrolide with acid instability (forms inactive pyroketals).
Azithromycin (azalide): 15-membered ring with enhanced acid stability and tissue penetration.
Clarithromycin: Improved pharmacokinetics (50% bioavailability) and activity against H. pylori.
SAR Insights: Role of C-6 hydroxyl, 11,12-cyclic carbonates, and ring expansion in potency/acid stability.
Clinical Uses: Respiratory infections (e.g., Legionnaires’ disease), STIs (chlamydia), and atypical mycobacteria.
Key Highlights:
Classification: 14-membered (erythromycin), 15-membered (azithromycin), and 16-membered (spiramycin) rings.
Stability Challenges: Acid-induced cyclic ketal formation (e.g., anhydroerythromycin) and solutions (enteric coatings, stearate salts).
Comparative Table: Bioavailability, spectrum, and dosing of erythromycin vs. newer analogs.
Find what you need faster with our free app!
In case, Feaures are not working on this website, please update your browser or use another browser. View Supported Browser List. Further if you think this is an error, please feel free to contact us at [email protected] or you may also Chat with us.
